Advanced Placement (AP) Biology Practice Exam

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Which type of cell contains a nucleus bound by a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles?

Eukaryotic cell
Prokaryotic cell
Bacterial cell
Archaean cell

The correct answer is: Eukaryotic cell

The type of cell that contains a nucleus bound by a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles is a eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotic cells are characterized by their complexity, featuring a well-defined nucleus that encloses the genetic material, allowing for more regulated gene expression and cellular functions. Additionally, they possess various membrane-bound organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and Golgi apparatus, which compartmentalize cellular processes, enhancing efficiency and functionality. In contrast to eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells, which include bacterial and archaeal cells, lack a true nucleus and do not have membrane-bound organelles. Their genetic material is found in a nucleoid region, and they operate with a simpler cellular structure.