Advanced Placement (AP) Biology Practice Exam

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What is epinephrine also known as?

Serotonin
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Norepinephrine

The correct answer is: Adrenaline

Epinephrine is also known as adrenaline. This hormone and neurotransmitter is produced by the adrenal glands and plays a key role in the body's "fight or flight" response by increasing heart rate, dilating air passages, and mobilizing energy resources. The use of the terms epinephrine and adrenaline can vary based on context, with epinephrine often used in medical and scientific contexts while adrenaline is commonly used in everyday language. This understanding is pivotal in fields like biology and physiology, where clarity about hormones and their functions is essential for grasping how the body responds to stressful situations. The other substances listed—serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine—are distinct neurotransmitters or hormones that serve different functions in the body, thus highlighting the uniqueness of epinephrine/adrenaline in its specific roles.