Advanced Placement (AP) Biology Practice Exam

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What are sister chromatids?

Replicated forms of chromosomes joined by the centromere
Cells that undergo apoptosis
Components of the cell cytoplasm
Types of intercellular junctions

The correct answer is: Replicated forms of chromosomes joined by the centromere

Sister chromatids refer to the duplicated forms of a chromosome that are joined together at a region known as the centromere. During the S phase of the cell cycle, each chromosome is replicated, resulting in two chromatids that are exact copies of each other, both containing identical DNA sequences. These sister chromatids remain attached until they are separated during cell division processes such as mitosis or meiosis. This attachment is crucial as it ensures that each new daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes. Understanding sister chromatids is fundamental to comprehending the mechanisms of genetic inheritance and the processes of cell division, which are key topics in biology.